Polynomial modeling of child and adult intonation in German spontaneous speech
In a data set of 291 spontaneous utterances from German 5-year-olds, 7-year-olds and adults,
nuclear pitch contours were labeled manually using the GToBI annotation system. Ten different
contour types were identified. The fundamental frequency (F0) of these contours was modeled using
third-order orthogonal polynomials, following an approach similar to the one Grabe, Kochanski,
and Coleman (2007) used for English. Statistical analyses showed that all but one contour pair
differed significantly from each other in at least one of the four coefficients. This demonstrates that
polynomial modeling can provide quantitative empirical support for phonological labels in unscripted
speech, and for languages other than English. Furthermore, polynomial expressions can be used to
derive the alignment of tonal targets relative to the syllable structure, making polynomial modeling
more accessible to the phonological research community. Finally, within-contour comparisons of
the three age groups showed that for children, the magnitude of the higher coefficients is lower,
suggesting that they are not yet able to modulate their pitch as fast as adults.
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